AIMS: This paper proposes the construction of a Matrix of Core Competencies, essential to the value and intent of academic record and as a reference for student evaluation processes. METHODOLOGY: The study relies on both quantitative and qualitative analysis. A review of the literature and documental analysis provided the basis for the first draft of the matrix. Evaluation and revision of the draft were done through a pilot test involving 12 professors, members of the Undergraduate Faculty of the UFMG School of Medicine. The matrix was validated using a Delphi method, including individual faculty evaluation, with the use of the Googledocs web-tool. RESULTS: There was full agreement among the 112 evaluators in the approval of the final matrix that addresses 6 main skill domains - professionalism; interpersonal skills and communication; comprehensive human health care; health systems and public health care organization; knowledge management; medical knowledge - 28 sub-domains and 204 descriptors of the subjects, skills and attitudes essential to undergraduate medical education. CONCLUSION: We believe the matrix will provide a valuable contribution toward enhancing medical education quality and setting the standards and skills required for medical care that is technically sound and fulfills its social responsibility.