The auditory processing evaluation is an audiological procedure that provides important information related to the process of understanding linguistic material. Aiming to investigate the research about the interface Auditory Processing - Aphasia a systematic review was made with reference to the following descriptors and their correlates in the English language: Aphasia, Dichotic, Monotic, Auditory Processing and Auditory Abilities. The search was conducted in the intersection format with connective “and”;. The five studies found in this review differ in many aspects such as lesion location, change of hemispheric dominance for language, presence of a left ear advantage in aphasia, relationship between auditory abilities and language and auditory extinction. These papers suggest that the two theoretical approaches on auditory processing and aphasia: localizationist and distributive arguments. Most of papers (three) agree with the distributive argument.