文章基本信息

标题：Spasticity, novel physiologic and pathophysiological concepts applied to clinic
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作者：César Escamilla ; Rodrigo Bolaños ; Héctor Martínez 等
期刊名称：Revista Chilena de Neuropsicología
印刷版ISSN：0718-0551
电子版ISSN：0718-4913
出版年度：2011
卷号：6
期号：2
页码：64-70
语种：English
出版社：Universidad de La Frontera
摘要：Muscle spasticity is one of the signs described since centuries ago. Nevertheless, this review pretends to analyze the meaning and clarify the vision of what does it stand for in clinical practice, to differentiate between one patient with spasticity from one that does not. Spasticity is a secondary symptom to a motor insult of the central nervous system, in the spine, or in the pyramidal system in the encephalon. It is defined as an augmentation of myotatic reflex or muscular stretch reflex that depends of the muscular movement for its manifestation. Pathogenic mechanisms involved in this disorder include an increased neuronal excitation (due to glutamate and aspartate excess) and a decreased neuronal inhibition (due to shortage of gamma?amino butyric acid) that bring as consequence, hyperreflexia and/or hypertonic muscular reflex. Spasticity is the result of the effect of different events including trauma, demyelinizant diseases, tumors, stroke, radiation, etc. Main damage is caused to the pyramidal tract, but is not clear the role of others anatomical pathways.
其他摘要：Muscle spasticity is one of the signs described since centuries ago. Nevertheless, this review pretends to analyze the meaning and clarify the vision of what does it stand for in clinical practice, to differentiate between one patient with spasticity from one that does not. Spasticity is a secondary symptom to a motor insult of the central nervous system, in the spine, or in the pyramidal system in the encephalon. It is defined as an augmentation of myotatic reflex or muscular stretch reflex that depends of the muscular movement for its manifestation. Pathogenic mechanisms involved in this disorder include an increased neuronal excitation (due to glutamate and aspartate excess) and a decreased neuronal inhibition (due to shortage of gamma?amino butyric acid) that bring as consequence, hyperreflexia and/or hypertonic muscular reflex. Spasticity is the result of the effect of different events including trauma, demyelinizant diseases, tumors, stroke, radiation, etc. Main damage is caused to the pyramidal tract, but is not clear the role of others anatomical pathways.
关键词：Spinal cord; nervous system; brainstem; muscle hypertonia; muscle spasticity. Médula!espinal; nervous system; tronco cerebral; hipertonía muscular; e...