文章基本信息

标题：PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS: Centrality, Context, and Implications
本地全文：下载
作者：Olavo Brasil de Lima Junior
期刊名称：Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais
印刷版ISSN：0102-6909
出版年度：2000
卷号：Esp.
期号：1
页码：53-72
语种：English
出版社：Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Ciências Sociais
其他摘要：The author argues that the conjugation of certain democratic, socioeconomic and political factors has led to the "nationalization" of presidential elections in Brazil since 1960. The expansion of the electoral market resulting from urbanization and the growth of the electorate, together with the progressive removal of the obstacles to voting - due to income, gender, age, and education - has democratized the electoral process by diversifying the social structure of the electorate. Since then, the president's election has ceased to depend solely upon rural political forces and now involves multiple combinations of rural and urban political forces. Candidates can no longer count on specific social groups in order to guarantee their election, and need to widen their appeal. Based on the results of the direct presidential elections of 1960, 1989, 1994 and 1998, the author contends that the "nationalization" of the vote is part of the political integration of Brazilian society and that this, together with the social complexity of the electorate, means that the candidate's appeal and political stance need to be more wide-ranging in order to prevent potential conflicts from arising during the election campaign.
关键词：Presidential elections; Electoral participation; Social base; Composition of electorate; Political integration