文章基本信息

标题：Evaluating water potability in a populated zone of the Senegalese Sahel: Niakhar
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作者：Jean-Philippe Chippaux ; Céline Pernot ; Diane Jouanneau 等
期刊名称：Environnement, Risques & Santé
印刷版ISSN：1635-0421
电子版ISSN：1952-3398
出版年度：2007
卷号：6
期号：5
页码：373-381
DOI：10.1684/ers.2007.0105
出版社：John Libbey Eurotext
摘要：Figures See all figures Authors Jean-Philippe Chippaux , Céline Pernot , Diane Jouanneau , Gilles Ciornei , Patricia Moulin-Esnart , Daniel Couret US 009 « Suivi démographique, épidémiologique et environnemental », Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Dakar Sénégal, UR010 « Santé de la mère et de l’enfant en milieu tropical : épidémiologie génétique et périnatale », IRD, CP 9214, La Paz Bolivie, US 122 « Unité des moyens analytiques », Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Dakar Sénégal Key words: Africa, fluoride poisoning, fluorine, fresh water, salinity, sodium, sodium chloride, water pollution DOI : 10.1684/ers.2007.0105 Page(s) : 373-81 Published in: 2007 Chemical and microbiological analyses of deep and surface water were conducted in Niakhar, a densely populated zone 200 km ² in area in the Senegalese Sahel, 150 km east of Dakar, the capital. We identified approximately 500 water points there randomly selected 71 for chemical analyses and 40 for bacteriological analyses. A very strong mineralization of deep as well as surface water was observed. In one third of the water points sampled, fluorine concentrations, and in two thirds, sodium chloride concentrations exceeded World Health Organization and European Union guidelines. Sodium, potassium, calcium and manganese concentrations also exceeded recommended levels in most water sources. These levels appeared to correspond to several specific water distribution networks. Contamination by E. coli was low, but contamination by faecal streptococcus was very high in most water points, including the terminal hydrants, could be due to distribution and storage conditions that favor bacterial multiplication more than to intense pollution of faecal origin
关键词：Africa; fluoride poisoning; fluorine; fresh water; salinity; sodium; sodium chloride; water pollution