To evaluate the incidence, causative organism, clinical features, and visual outcomes of acute endophthalmitis following intravitreal injection.

For all intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide, bevacizumab, and lucentis injections performed in our outpatient clinic between January 2006 and June 2008, the number of injections, indications, type of administered drugs, and method of injection were investigated. The medical records of the patients with acute endoththalmitis were reviewed retrospectively.

The total number of intravitreal injections was 10,153. The incidence of acute endophthalmitis for all intravitreal injections was 0.020% (2/10,153) with 0.030% (1/3,383) for the triamcinolone acetonide, 0.015% (1/6,552) for the bevacizumab, and 0.000% (0/218) for the ranibizumab drug injections. Streptococcus species were confirmed in the bacterial culture of two eyes with acute endotphthalmitis. After early vitrectomy and intravitreal antibiotics injection, one eye maintained vision but the other eye developed phthisis.

Although the incidence of acute endophthalmitis following intravitreal injections performed in outpatient clinics is very low, due to the potentially fatal visual outcome after endophthalmitis, careful attention to aseptic injection technique is mandatory.