To evaluate ocular abnormalities in children with developmental disability and to find out whether any correlation exists between developmental disability and surgical outcome.

Totally 43 patients with the diagnosis of developmental disability were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Mean follow-up was 4.54 ± 2.35 year. 20 patients had exodeviation, 15 patients had esodeviation, 10 patients had dissociated vertical deviation and 4 patients had dyskinetic strabismus. 21 patients had surgery and the mean deviation angle was decreased from 36.67 ± 15.70 PD to 5.33 ± 5.93 PD in exotropia and 56.25 ± 8.54 PD to 5.75 ± 4.65 PD in esotropia. Refractive error was found in 33 patients (88.4%). 26 patients (60.5%) had monocular amblyopia and 17 patients (65.38%) showed improvement of visual acuity after treatment.

Exotropia is the most common type strabismus in patients with developmental disability and dyskinetic strabismus is found in cerebral palsy. Strabismus Surgery for patients with stable angle deviation and amblyopia treatment is effective in children with developmental disability. However decision for surgery should be made after a long follow up period.