To report the results of anterior vitrectomy for obstruction of the aqueous outflow shunt by prolapsed vitreous strands after trabeculectomy.

Trabeculectomy was performed on a pseudophakic primary open angle glaucoma patient with uncontrolled intraocular pressure under maximum tolerable medical therapy. Three months after trabeculectomy, the bleb flattened and the intraocular pressure elevated. On gonioscopic examination, vitreous strands prolapsed through the iridectomy site obstructing the inner ostium. The maximum tolerable medical therapy and Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis were attempted, but the intraocular pressure was not controlled. Anterior vitrectomy was performed to remove the prolapsed vitreous strands. After anterior vitrectomy, the bleb regained filtering function and the intraocular pressure was stabilized.

In a case with a prolapsed vitreous into the anterior chamber obstructing the outflow shunt of the aqueous humor after trabeculectomy, anterior vitrectomy showed therapeutic effects.