文章基本信息

标题：Evaluation of a Validated Food Frequency Questionnaire for Self-Defined Vegans in the United States
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作者：Patricia Dyett ; Sujatha Rajaram ; Ella H. Haddad 等
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2014
卷号：6
期号：7
页码：2523-2539
DOI：10.3390/nu6072523
语种：English
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：This study aimed to develop and validate a de novo food frequency questionnaire for self-defined vegans in the United States. Diet histories from pilot samples of vegans and a modified ‘Block Method’ using seven selected nutrients of concern in vegan diet patterns, were employed to generate the questionnaire food list. Food frequency responses of 100 vegans from 19 different U.S. states were obtained via completed mailed questionnaires and compared to multiple telephone-conducted diet recall interviews. Computerized diet analyses were performed. Correlation coefficients, t-tests, rank, cross-tabulations, and probability tests were used to validate and compare intake estimates and dietary reference intake (DRI) assessment trends between the two methods. A 369-item vegan-specific questionnaire was developed with 252 listed food frequency items. Calorie-adjusted correlation coefficients ranged from r = 0.374 to 0.600 (p < 0.001) for all analyzed nutrients except calcium. Estimates, ranks, trends and higher-level participant percentile placements for Vitamin B12 were similar with both methods. Questionnaire intakes were higher than recalls for most other nutrients. Both methods demonstrated similar trends in DRI adequacy assessment (e.g., significantly inadequate vitamin D intake among vegans). This vegan-specific questionnaire can be a useful assessment tool for health screening initiatives in U.S. vegan communities.
关键词：vegans; food frequency questionnaire; diet recalls; nutrient intake; Dietary Reference Intakes; vegan questionnaire; vegetarians; vitamin D; vitamin B₁₂