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标题：Genetic improvements in major US crops: the size and distribution of benefits
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作者：Frisvold, George B. ; Sullivan, John ; Raneses, Anton 等
期刊名称：Journal of Food Distribution Research
印刷版ISSN：0047-245X
出版年度：2003
页码：109-119
出版社：Food Distribution Research Society
摘要：The distribution of welfare gains of genetic improvements in major US crops is estimated using a world agricultural trade model. Multi-market welfare estimates were 75% larger than estimates based on the price-exogenous 'change in revenue' method frequently used by plant breeders. Annual benefits of these genetic improvements range from US$ 400-600 million depending on the supply shift specification. Of this, 44-60% accrues to the US, 24-34% accrues to other developed countries. Developing and transitional economies capture 16-22% of the welfare gain. The global benefits of a one-time permanent increase in US yields are US$ 8.1 billion (discounted at 10%) and US$ 15.4 billion (discounted at 5%). Gains to consumers in developing and transitional economies range from US$ 6.1 billion ( 10% discount rate) to US$ 11.6 billion (5% discount rate). © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词：Plant breeding;Genetic resources;Returns to research;Supply shift