文章基本信息

标题：Economics of Water Quality Protection from Nonpoint Sources: Theory and Practice
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作者：Ribaudo, Marc ; Horan, Richard D. ; Smith, Mark E. 等
期刊名称：Journal of Food Distribution Research
印刷版ISSN：0047-245X
出版年度：1999
期号：SUPPL
出版社：Food Distribution Research Society
摘要：Water quality is a major environmental issue. Pollution from nonpoint sources is thesingle largest remaining source of water quality impairments in the United States.Agriculture is a major source of several nonpoint-source pollutants, including nutrients,sediment, pesticides, and salts. Agricultural nonpoint pollution reduction policies can bedesigned to induce producers to change their production practices in ways that improvethe environmental and related economic consequences of production. The informationnecessary to design economically efficient pollution control policies is almost alwayslacking. Instead, policies can be designed to achieve specific environmental or othersimilarly-related goals at least cost, given transaction costs and any other political, legal,or informational constraints that may exist. This report outlines the economic character-istics of five instruments that can be used to reduce agricultural nonpoint source pollu-tion (economic incentives, standards, education, liability, and research) and discussesempirical research related to the use of these instruments.
关键词：water quality; nonpoint-source pollution; economic incentives; standards;education; liability; research