文章基本信息

标题：Dhfr and dhps mutations in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Mlandizi, Kibaha,
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作者：W Kidima ; Wildlife Management, P. O. Box 35064, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania ; G Nkwengulila 等
期刊名称：Tanzania Journal of Health Research
印刷版ISSN：0856-6496
电子版ISSN：1821-9241
出版年度：2006
卷号：8
期号：2
页码：50-55
DOI：10.4314/thrb.v8i2.14272
语种：English
出版社：African Journals Online
摘要：Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), the current first line antimalarial drug in Tanzania, is compromised by evolution and spread of mutations in the parasite's dhfr and dhps genes. In the present study we established the baseline frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase ( pfdhfr ) and dihydropteroate synthase ( pfdhps ) mutant genotypes and their potential for predicting the in vivo efficacy of SP in Mlandizi, Tanzania. The efficacy of SP treatment was by following 116 children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria for 14 days after treatment. Infected blood samples were collected on filter paper at days 0, 3, 7 and 14. Parasite genomic DNA was extracted and point mutations at positions 51, 59, 108 and 164 of the dhfr gene and at 581, 540 and 437 of the dhps gene were analysed by nested Polymerase Chain Reaction/ Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Out of 116 children enrolled, 98 (86%) of eligible children demonstrated an adequate clinical response by day 14. There were 7.3 % early and 6.7% late therapeutic failures. At day 0, only 8.0% (4/50) the parasites showed no mutation at the dhfr locus; for dhps this was 73%. Triple mutant dhfr alleles (Ile 51, Arg 59, Asn 108) occurred in 47%, double mutant dhps (Gly 437, Glu 540) alleles in 7.9%. No mutation was detected at codon 164 of the dhfr gene. The presence of triple dhfr mutant alleles was related to clinical failure, but did not show significant association (Fisher exact test, P=0.166, OR 2.15 0.776.20). The higher rates of mutation on the dhfr do not spell a bright future for SP treatment in Tanzania. It is rational to think of an alternative first line antimalarial drug, while retaining SP for malaria intermittent treatment in regnancy. Keywords : Plasmodium falciparum, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, dhfr, dhps, Tanzania Tanzania Health Research Bulletin Vol. 8 (2) 2006: pp. 50-55