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标题：Tuberculosis In Australia: Bacteriologically confirmed Cases And Drug Resistance, 2010
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作者：Richard Lumb ; Ivan Bastian ; Robyn Carter 等
期刊名称：Communicable Diseases Intelligence
印刷版ISSN：1447-4514
电子版ISSN：1445-4866
出版年度：2013
卷号：37
期号：1
出版社：Government Department of Health and Ageing
摘要：The Australian Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory Network collects and analyses laboratory data on new cases of disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. In 2010, a total of 1,051 cases were identified by bacteriology; an annual reporting rate of 4.7 cases per 100,000 population. Twelve children aged less than 10 years had bacteriologically-confirmed tuberculosis. Results of in vitro drug susceptibility testing were available for 1,050 isolates for isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), ethambutol (EMB), and pyrazinamide (PYZ). A total of 126 (12%) isolates of M. tuberculosis were resistant to at least one of these anti-tuberculosis agents. Resistance to at least INH and RIF (defined as multi-drug resistance, MDR) was detected in 37 (3.5%) isolates, including three Australians with extensive travel in high burden TB countries; 33 were from the respiratory tract (sputum n=28, bronchoscopy n=5). Nineteen (65.5%) of the MDR-TB-positive sputum specimens were smear-positive, as were single samples from bronchoscopy and urine. Sixteen patients with MDR-TB were from the Torres Strait Protected Zone. If these Papa New Guinea nationals are excluded from the analysis, the underlying MDR-TB rate in Australian isolates was 2.0%. One case of extensively drug-resistant TB (defined as MDR-TB with additional resistance to a fluoroquinolone and an injectable agent) was detected in 2010
关键词：Mycobacterium tuberculosis; ;Mycobacterium bovis; laboratory diagnosis; ;tuberculosis; drug resistance