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标题：Low cost and state of the art methods to measure nitrous oxide emissions
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作者：Arjan Hensen ; Ute Skiba ; Daniela Famulari 等
期刊名称：Environmental Research Letters
印刷版ISSN：1748-9326
电子版ISSN：1748-9326
出版年度：2013
卷号：8
期号：2
页码：025022
DOI：10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/025022
语种：English
出版社：IOP Publishing Ltd
摘要：This letter provides an overview of the available measurement techniques for nitrous oxide (N₂O) flux measurement. It is presented to aid the choice of the most appropriate methods for different situations. Nitrous oxide is a very potent greenhouse gas; the effect of 1 kg of N₂O is estimated to be equivalent to 300 kg of CO₂. Emissions of N₂O from the soil have a larger uncertainty compared to other greenhouse gases. Important reasons for this are low atmospheric concentration levels and enormous spatial and temporal variability. Traditionally such small increases are measured by chambers and analyzed by gas chromatography. Spatial and temporal resolution is poor, but costs are low. To detect emissions at the field scale and high temporal resolution, differences at tens of ppt levels need to be resolved. Reliable instruments are now available to measure N₂O by a range of micrometeorological methods, but at high financial cost. Although chambers are effective in identifying processes and treatment effects and mitigation, the future lies with the more versatile high frequency and high sensitivity sensors.