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标题：Flexibility in Europe's Power Sector - an Additional Requirement or an Automatic Complement?
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作者：Joachim Bertsch ; Christian Growitsch ; Stefan Lorenczik 等
期刊名称：EWI Working Papers
印刷版ISSN：1862-3808
出版年度：2013
卷号：2013
出版社：Energiewirtschaftliches Institut an der Universität zu Köln
摘要：By 2050, the European Union aims to reduce greenhouse gases by more than 80 %. The EU member states have therefore declared to strongly increase the share of renewable energy sources (RES-E) in the next decades. Given a large deployment of wind and solar capacities, there are two major impacts on electricity systems: First, the electricity system must be exible enough to cope with the volatile RES-E generation, i.e., ramp up supply or ramp down demand on short notice. Second, sucient back-up capacities are needed during times with low feed-in from wind and solar capacities. This paper analyzes whether there is a need for additional incentive mechanisms for exibility in electricity markets with a high share of renewables. For this purpose, we simulate the development of the European electricity markets up to the year 2050 using a linear investment and dispatch optimization model. Flexibility requirements are implemented in the model via ramping constraints and provision of balancing power dependent of current renewables feed-in. We nd that an increase in uctuating renewables has a tremendous impact on the volatility of the residual load and consequently on the exibility requirements. However, any market design that incentivizes investments in least (total system) cost generation investment does not need additional incentives for exibility. The main trigger for investing in exible resources are the achievable full load hours and the need for backup capacity. In a competitive market, the cost-ecient technologies that are most likely to be installed, i.e., gas-red power plants or exible CCS plants, provide exibility as a by-product. Under the condition of system adequacy, exibility never poses a challenge in a cost-minimal capacity mix. Therefore, any market design incentivizing investments in ecient generation thus provides exibility as an automatic complement.
关键词：Electricity; power plant ;eet optimization; renewable energy; ;exibility; market design