文章基本信息

标题：Environmental and Management Constraints on Tourism in Varna Bay, Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
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作者：Snejana Moncheva ; Eleonora Racheva ; Lyudmila Kamburska 等
期刊名称：Ecology and Society
印刷版ISSN：1708-3087
电子版ISSN：1708-3087
出版年度：2012
卷号：17
期号：3
出版社：The Resilience Alliance
摘要：We used the systems approach framework (SAF) to study the conflict between the development of tourism andmarine environmental quality in Varna Bay, a critical regional policy issue selected for study after stakeholder consultation.Water quality is of central importance to the tourism industry, as a minimum level of water clarity is required to make the waterattractive for swimming and bathing. Rampant development of coastal resorts in Varna Bay has led to water-quality deteriorationbecause the tourism capacity has expanded without concurrent increases in the capacity to collect and treat sewage. We used anumerical model to simulate the Secchi depth (as a proxy for transparency) as a function of the nitrogen loading and totalsuspended solids. The SAF proved valuable for illustrating the relationship between bathing water quality and the capacity ofsewer systems and wastewater treatment plants, and it was helpful in evaluating policy options, even though it does not yetallow precise quantitative prediction of water quality. Results indicate that a combination of storm water management by sewersystem improvement (reducing direct runoff by 80%) with construction and upgrading of wastewater treatment plants to 75%nitrogen removal could achieve the improved water quality needed to prevent a failure of recent major investments in the touristindustry, with consequent loss of jobs and profits
关键词：Black Sea; coastal tourism; eutrophication; simulation models; systems approach