文章基本信息

标题：Total Environment of Change: Impacts of Climate Change and Social Transitions on Subsistence Fisheries in Northwest Alaska
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作者：Katie J Moerlein ; Courtney Carothers
期刊名称：Ecology and Society
印刷版ISSN：1708-3087
电子版ISSN：1708-3087
出版年度：2012
卷号：17
期号：1
出版社：The Resilience Alliance
摘要：Arctic ecosystems are undergoing rapid changes as a result of global climate change, with significant implicationsfor the livelihoods of Arctic peoples. In this paper, based on ethnographic research conducted with the I.upiaq communities ofNoatak and Selawik in northwestern Alaska, we detail prominent environmental changes observed over the past twenty to thirtyyears and their impacts on subsistence-based lifestyles. However, we suggest that it is ultimately insufficient to try to understandhow Arctic communities are experiencing and responding to climate change in isolation from other stressors. During interviewsand participant observation documenting local observations of climatic and related environmental shifts and impacts tosubsistence fishing practices, we find the inseparability of environmental, social, economic, cultural, and political realms forcommunity residents. Many of our informants, who live in a mixed economy based on various forms of income and widespreadsubsistence harvesting of fish and game, perceive and experience climate change as embedded among numerous other factorsaffecting subsistence patterns and practices. Changing lifestyles, decreasing interest by younger generations in pursuingsubsistence livelihoods, and economic challenges are greatly affecting contemporary subsistence patterns and practices in ruralAlaska. Observations of climate change are perceived, experienced, and articulated to researchers through a broader lens ofthese linked lifestyle and cultural shifts. Therefore, we argue that to properly assess and understand the impacts of climate changeon the subsistence practices in Arctic communities, we must also consider the total environment of change that is dramaticallyshaping the relationship between people, communities, and their surrounding environments
关键词：Arctic; climate change; environmental anthropology; fisheries; human dimensions; local knowledge; social-;ecological systems; subsistence; traditional ecological knowledge