文章基本信息

标题：Resilience and Higher Order Thinking
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作者：Ioan Fazey
期刊名称：Ecology and Society
印刷版ISSN：1708-3087
电子版ISSN：1708-3087
出版年度：2010
卷号：15
期号：3
出版社：The Resilience Alliance
摘要：To appreciate, understand, and tackle chronic global social and environmental problems,greater appreciation of the importance of higher order thinking is required. Such thinking includes personalepistemological beliefs (PEBs), i.e., the beliefs people hold about the nature of knowledge and howsomething is known. These beliefs have profound implications for the way individuals relate to each otherand the world, such as how people understand complex social-ecological systems. Resilience thinking isan approach to environmental stewardship that includes a number of interrelated concepts and has strongfoundations in systemic ways of thinking. This paper (1) summarizes a review of educational psychologyliterature on PEBs, (2) explains why resilience thinking has potential to facilitate development of moresophisticated PEBs, (3) describes an example of a module designed to teach resilience thinking toundergraduate students in ways conducive to influencing PEBs, and (4) discusses a pilot study that evaluatesthe module's impact. Theoretical and preliminary evidence from the pilot evaluation suggests that resiliencethinking which is underpinned by systems thinking has considerable potential to influence the developmentof more sophisticated PEBs. To be effective, however, careful consideration of how resilience thinking istaught is required. Finding ways to encourage students to take greater responsibility for their own learningand ensuring close alignment between assessment and desired learning outcomes are particularly important
关键词：education for sustainability; epistemology; higher order thinking; personal epistemological;beliefs (PEBs); resilience; resilience thinking; systems thinking; teaching