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标题：Common Descent as an Argument in the Darwinism vs. Intelligent Design Theory Controversy (in Polish)
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作者：Dariusz Sagan, PhD
期刊名称：Diametros : an Online Journal of Philosophy
电子版ISSN：1733-5566
出版年度：2013
期号：37
出版社：Institute of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University
摘要：The intelligent design theory claims that certain biological and cosmic phenomena were designed by an intelligent being which could be just as well natural and supernatural, and that this design is scientifically detectable. Critics often point out that the similarity between all living organisms is unequivocal evidence of their common descent, which, at the same time, speaks against the intelligent design theory and for the theory of evolution which is, for them, the only reasonable explanation of this phenomenon. It turns out, however, that this argument is untenable because similarities can be viewed as unequivocal evidence of evolution only if we accept specific (and controversial) philosophical assumptions about what counts as rational explanations and science. Without these assumptions, the intelligent design theory remains an open possibility which, in addition, is not contradictory to the facts indicated by the evolutionists.
关键词：L. Agassiz; J. Coyne; K. Darwin; R. Dawkins; R. Owen; similarities; common descent; design; designer; God; theory of evolution; intelligent design theory