Corporate governance became in the last decade an important domain of reforms in emerging economies. The reforms in the corporate governance models and in accounting should assign a more important role for accountants. The objective of this paper is to analyze the changes in the accountants’ roles and competencies as a result of the reforms in corporate governance model of an emerging economy. We correlate information from the job offers (as indicators of the role and competencies expected from accountants) and from the corporate governance disclosures (as indicators of the application of roles and competencies) in order to discuss the recent changes in the Romanian accounting profession roles and competencies. Our results contribute to the understanding of the factors related to the modernization of the accounting profession in emerging economies, illustrating the challenges associated with the “import” of Western models.