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标题：Case Series of Three Children and Adolescents with Periodic Hypersomnia
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作者：Vinay H.R ; Vijay Danivas ; Bindu M. Kutty 等
期刊名称：Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health
电子版ISSN：0973-1342
出版年度：2010
卷号：6
期号：4
页码：120-124
出版社：Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health
摘要：Background: Periodic hypersomnias in children and adolescents are describedaccording to etiological groups like: 1) idiopathic - the Kleine Levin syndrome (KLS)and its clinical variants 2) organic and 3) other psychiatric conditons. KLS isdescribed as a triad of recurrent hypersomnolence, hyperphagia, and hypersexuality.However, an incomplete presentation characterized by hypersomnia without otherfeatures has also been described.Aim: To report and compare three cases of children and adolescents, who presentedas periodic hypersomnias with variable clinical picture and subsequently diagnosed tohave KLS.Methods: Chart review of cases and selective review of literature pertinent toperiodic hypersomnias with special reference to Kleine Levin syndrome was done. Results: Out of the three cases, one male who had impaired thyroid function tests wasgiven thyroxine supplements along with lithium prophylaxis. The other male wasgiven modafinil during episodes apart from continuous lithium prophylaxis. Thefemale who had less severe episodes was given only modafinil during episodes. Thepolysomnographic findings though altered were not specific. All the three cases hadreduced frequency, duration and severity of episodes following treatment.Conclusions: There is considerable evidence for lithium in preventing furtherepisodes when compared to medical abstention in patients with KLS. Our case seriesalso highlights the role of lithium in KLS. However, stimulants like modafinil can beadjunctively used during episodes or as monotherapy in episodes of lesser severity.Therapeutic trials of drugs able to prevent KLS are warranted. Because of rarity of thecondition these trials should have a multicenter design
关键词：Periodic hypersomnia; Kleine-Levin syndrome; children; adolescents;Polysomnography; lithium