文章基本信息

标题：Regional Economie Effects of Recycling in Ontario
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作者：DAVID BUTTERFIELD ; ATIF A. KUBURSI
期刊名称：Canadian Journal of Regional Science
印刷版ISSN：0705-4580
出版年度：1993
卷号：16
期号：3
出版社：Universite de Montreal - Dept de Geographie
摘要：Waste management policies are an important element of sustainable development strategies. The popular 4R's -Reducing, Reusing, Recycling and Recovering -not only reduce the volume of waste flowing into landfill sites but also conserve renewable and non-renewable natural resources. These policies are introduced in response to increased public concern over environmental problems and have environmental objectives; however, because these policies significantly alter the pattern of resource use, they have important effects on both the regional and sectoral distribution of economic activity. Depending on their magnitude and direction, these effects may suggest different choices of waste management initiatives or a need for complementary policies. This paper presents estimates of the economic effects of several packages of waste management policies at the regional and sectoral levels in Ontario. These effects are expressed in terms of employment differences compared to a reference scenario for the years 1992 and 2000. The scenario calculations use a regional input-output model of the Ontario economy which explicitly incorporates increased recycling and other changes in economic structure which are predicted to result from increased recycling. The input-output model provides a convenient framework for the inclusion of increased recycling activities,which imply changes in the pattern of input use and in the location of production. The recycling activities which are examined are largely related to paper products, which are major components of the recycled waste stream in Ontario. The results indicate shifts of employment away from the forestrybased regions of Northern Ontario and toward regions in Central Ontario which are closer to major sources of recyclable waste. In what follows the expanded input-output framework is presented first. The recycling scenarios are then described, the results discussed and conclusions presented.