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标题：Influences of protein to energy ratios in breakfast on mood, alertness and attention in the healthy undergraduate students
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作者：Yao-Chi Zeng ; Shun-Min Li ; Guo-Liang Xiong 等
期刊名称：Health
印刷版ISSN：1949-4998
电子版ISSN：1949-5005
出版年度：2011
卷号：3
期号：6
页码：383-393
DOI：10.4236/health.2011.36065
出版社：Scientific Research Publishing
摘要：Background: The high protein (HP) breakfast reduced gastric emptying and the most satiat-ing macronutrient appears to be dietary protein. Few studies have investigated the effects of protein to energy ratio in breakfast on mood, alertness and attention. Objective: This study was designed to investigate whether the HP breakfast is more beneficial to mood, alertness and attention of the healthy undergraduate student than adequate-protein (AP) breakfast through the rising body temperature and re-maining stable blood glucose or through other physiologic processes. Methods: Thirteen healthy male undergraduate students (18 - 23 y) were studied in a double-blind, randomized crossover design. Blood samples, body tem-perature, satiety, mood and Continuous Per-formance Test (CPT) were assessed after the consumption of two isocaloric breakfasts that differed in their protein and carbohydrate con-tent: an HP breakfast (50%, 30%, and 20% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, re-spectively) or an AP breakfast (10%, 70%, and 20% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, respectively). Results: Consumption of an HP breakfast resulted in more steady glucose and insulin than AP breakfast consumption (p < 0.05). Satiety scores and body temperature were higher after HP breakfast consumption (p < 0.05). And most important, the positive mood and CPT scores were higher after HP breakfast than after AP breakfast intake (p < 0.05). Conclusion: HP breakfast can effectively stabilize postprandial serum glucose concentration and elevate post-prandial temperature of healthy male under-graduate students. Our present findings dem-onstrate the relationship between HP breakfast and mood, alertness and attention. This study indicated that HP breakfast may enhance human performance probably by increasing the thermic effect of a food and elevating body temperature.
关键词：Protein; Body Temperature; Mood; Alertness; Attention