The author highlights the various strategies of adaptation generated by the deregulation and uncertainty situation amonst the Russian army since the dissolution of the Varsovy pact. These strategies generate individual profesional reconversions as well as organisational transformations within the military institution. But they also result in transformations of the values that constituted the military institution. These values progressively differ from traditional values. In this context of an imperative adaptation to a new situation, pressure groups emerge, in favour of the military institution. They are part of the frame of survival strategies that progressively transform the institutional Russian landscape.