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标题：Relief fragments bearing portrayals of Silvanus and Diana from the Tršćenica site in Split field
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作者：Rendić-Miočević, Ante
期刊名称：Journal of Dalmatian archaeology and history
印刷版ISSN：1845-7789
出版年度：2007
卷号：100
期号：1
页码：13-30
出版社：Archaeological Museum Split
摘要：The locale Tršćenica (Trišćenica, Trstenik) obviously derives its name from the word trstika (reed), a plant that succeeds where it has sufficient water to grow. At a site located in the Split Field (Splitsko polje), near the Church of St. Lawrence of Pasdigrad and the current Split city cemetery Lovrinac, two fragmentary stone reliefs depicting the popular domestic pastoral/forest deity Silvanus and his female counterpart Diana were discovered on different occasions and under different circumstances. Their cultic portrayals were not discovered at the same location, but it is certain that the discovery sites were close to each other. Today both artefacts are held in the Archaeological Museum in Split. It should be noted that both reliefs were already previously mentioned in the professional literature, although only in passing, without the corresponding pictorial documentation. The first relief pertains to Silvanus (only the upper half of an altar preserved), shown between two trees, wearing a toga clasped at the right shoulder. The other relief, featuring a portrayal of Diana, was found among numerous Roman-era artefacts found in a well located across the way from the site of the aforementioned Church of St. Lawrence of Pasdigrad. It is interesting that a little farther off, on the road to nearby Kamen, a fragment was discovered at one point bearing a relief of two nymphs (the third was unfortunately not preserved). Next to the head of the first nymph the remains of a reed were preserved which was obviously held in her right hand. Also preserved on the relief is a portion of an inscription which shows that the monument was dedicated to some deity (Silvanus?), but the preserved remains of the letter at the very edge from the right can also be interpreted as an F, which would probably mean that the relief was dedicated to the “water” nymphs, Nimphis Fontanis (?). If one adds to these monuments the inscription dedicated to nymphs from Split’s Pojišan, the fragment of the relief from Duplančić dvor at Lučac, or Radunica (published on several occasions; cited in the earlier literature as coming from Stobreč), depicting semi-naked nymphs with shells and shepherd’s staff (pedum) obviously belonging to Silvanus, and the relief portraying Diana in the image of the goddess of night-time lights (also from Lučac), then the conclusion arises that the Split region, once the ager Salonitanus, did not essentially differ from the Salona area. Silvanus, Diana and the nymphs were very popular certainly before Diocletian’s Palace was constructed in Split.
关键词：Silvanus; Diana; nymphs; cultic relief portrayals; Split Field; Tršćenica; Trstenik; Dragavode