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标题：Public interest and public benefit in urban and spatial planning
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作者：Petovar, Ksenija ; Vujošević, Miodrag
期刊名称：Sociology and Space
印刷版ISSN：1846-5526
出版年度：2008
卷号：46
期号：1 (179)
页码：23-51
出版社：Institute for social research in Zagreb
摘要：The changing position of urban and spatial planning in transitional countries presents the concept of “post-socialist” public interest in all its complexity of meaning. It implies the need for a wider accepted frame in both theoretical and heuristic planning which brings under the common denominator the majority of actors. In this way it is possible to define and balance individual (partial) and common interests in considering, making and carrying out decisions at different levels of planning. It is obvious that in the present day transition situation there is very little that can be safely pronounced in advance as having (or not having) public or general interest. The quality of decisions and their social relevance essentially depend on the quality of communication and interaction in planning which is equally important for the constitution of public interest. In the paper there is a simplified equation between public interest and public benefit which is justified by most authoritative writers. Also we show the endangered legitimacy of planning which follows the breakdown of former (“socialist”) public interest. Solving this problem is crucial for the future of planning not only in the post-socialist transition countries but also for development processes in advanced democracies, after the collapse of the social state and evident social consequences of the “New Right approach”. In conditions of a certain kind of social Darwinism, “proto”, i.e. unstable democracy, “wild” market and “wild” privatisation, undeveloped civil society, strongly limited public insight and access to the place of action, most actors do not follow the rules of Habermas’ “unrestrained communication” but behave according to different social patterns, characterised by individual and group egoism, manipulation and the so-called “systematic and organized mobilisation of partiality”. In these circumstances an important question comes up: what, if anything, can be expected from new approaches to planning, especially from communication i.e. collaborative planning and how can greater public participation help create better and more democratic planning practices?
关键词：urban and spatial planning; public interest; public benefit; participation