文章基本信息

标题：Maternal Zinc Intakes and Homeostatic Adjustments during Pregnancy and Lactation
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作者：Carmen Marino Donangelo ; Janet C. King
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2012
卷号：4
期号：7
页码：782-798
DOI：10.3390/nu4070782
语种：English
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：Zinc plays critical roles during embryogenesis, fetal growth, and milk secretion, which increase the zinc need for pregnancy and lactation. Increased needs can be met by increasing the dietary zinc intake, along with making homeostatic adjustments in zinc utilization. Potential homeostatic adjustments include changes in circulating zinc, increased zinc absorption, decreased zinc losses, and changes in whole body zinc kinetics. Although severe zinc deficiency during pregnancy has devastating effects, systematic reviews and meta-analysis of the effect of maternal zinc supplementation on pregnancy outcomes have consistently shown a limited benefit. We hypothesize, therefore, that zinc homeostatic adjustments during pregnancy and lactation improve zinc utilization sufficiently to provide the increased zinc needs in these stages and, therefore, mitigate immediate detrimental effects due to a low zinc intake. The specific questions addressed are the following: How is zinc utilization altered during pregnancy and lactation? Are those homeostatic adjustments influenced by maternal zinc status, dietary zinc, or zinc supplementation? These questions are addressed by critically reviewing results from published human studies on zinc homeostasis during pregnancy and lactation carried out in different populations worldwide.
关键词：zinc; pregnancy; lactation; diet; homeostasis