文章基本信息

标题：Estimating Prevalence Using an Imperfect Test
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作者：Peter J. Diggle
期刊名称：Epidemiology Research International
印刷版ISSN：2090-2972
电子版ISSN：2090-2980
出版年度：2011
卷号：2011
DOI：10.1155/2011/608719
出版社：Hindawi Publishing Corporation
摘要：The standard estimate of prevalence is the proportion of positive results obtained from the application of a diagnostic test to a random sample of individuals drawn from the population of interest. When the diagnostic test is imperfect, this estimate is biased. We give simple formulae, previously described by Greenland (1996) for correcting the bias and for calculating confidence intervals for the prevalence when the sensitivity and specificity of the test are known. We suggest a Bayesian method for constructing credible intervals for the prevalence when sensitivity and specificity are unknown. We provide R code to implement the method.