文章基本信息

标题：Nitrate-Nitrogen Leaching from Onion Bed under Furrow and Drip Irrigation Systems
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作者：Parmodh Sharma ; Manoj K. Shukla ; Theodore W. Sammis 等
期刊名称：Applied and Environmental Soil Science
印刷版ISSN：1687-7667
电子版ISSN：1687-7675
出版年度：2012
卷号：2012
DOI：10.1155/2012/650206
出版社：Hindawi Publishing Corporation
摘要：Water is a limited resource for crop production in arid areas of Southern New Mexico. The objectives of this study were to estimate the amount and depth of water and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) fronts, water and NO3-N balances, and irrigation efficiencies for two onion (Allium cepa L.) fields under furrow and drip irrigation systems. Monthly soil samples were analyzed for NO3-N and chloride concentration for two onion growing seasons starting September 2006 to August 2009. The average amount of NO3-N in the soil water estimated by chloride tracer technique varied from 97.4 to 105.2 mg L−1 for furrow and 65.2 to 66.8 mg L−1 for drip-irrigated fields for the 60- to 200-cm depth. The NO3-N loadings below the rooting zone ranged from 145 to 150 kg ha−1 for furrow- and 76 to 79 kg ha−1 for drip-irrigated fields. The irrigation efficiencies varied from 78 to 80% for furrow- and 83% for drip- and N application efficiencies (NAEs) were 35 to 36% for furrow- and 38 to 39% for drip-irrigated fields. Small N fertilizer applications, delayed until onion bulbing starts, and water applications, preferably through drip irrigation, are recommended to reduce deep percolation and increase nitrogen and water efficiencies.