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标题：Insect herbivores of water stargrass ( Heteranthera dubia ) in the US
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作者：Nathan Harms ; Michael Grodowitz ; James Kennedy 等
期刊名称：Journal of Freshwater Ecology
印刷版ISSN：0270-5060
电子版ISSN：2156-6941
出版年度：2011
卷号：26
期号：2
页码：185-194
DOI：10.1080/02705060.2011.554217
出版社：Taylor & Francis
摘要：Abstract We examined insect herbivores associated with Heteranthera dubia from surveys conducted from 2006 to 2009. Plants were collected, invertebrates were removed, and signs of feeding damage were noted. Herbivores were quantified, and geographic regions were compared based on herbivore density, taxa richness, evenness, and diversity. The greatest density of herbivores occurred at Parker Pond, Washington, which was largely influenced by an abundance of aphids (Rhopalosiphum spp.). Density, richness, and evenness were not significantly different among regions. At least 23 potential insect herbivores were recorded from 15 sites in Texas, Washington, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Vermont, and New York. Of these, five taxa were collected from the order Lepidoptera, one from Coleoptera, six from Diptera, and at least 11 from Trichoptera. The majority of the herbivores were generalists; several had unknown diets. Damage observed to H. dubia included extensive tunneling in the stems of the plant and, in some cases, substantial chewing damage to the leaves.
关键词：aquatic plants; herbivory; water stargrass; Heteranthera dubia