This paper proposes a turn back in time, addressing personal stories of the pioneers of psychoanalysis (Hermine von Hug-Hellmuth, Anna Freud, Melanie Klein), which are related with the history of psychoanalysis itself. From this historical point of view and considering developments in clinical practice, some questions are raised: existence of a psychoanalysis of adults and of a psychoanalysis of children; parent's place in the analysis of the child; limits between educational and psychoanalytic; existence or not of a transferential relationship between child and analyst.