文章基本信息

标题：Vers la mise en œuvre d’une action collective pour gérer les risques naturels littoraux en France métropolitaine
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作者：Philippe Deboudt
期刊名称：CyberGeo : European Journal of Geography
印刷版ISSN：1278-3366
出版年度：2010
卷号：2010
页码：1-22
DOI：10.4000/cybergeo.22964
出版社：Université de Paris, Institute de Géographie
摘要：Since the mid 19th-century, the vulnerability of the economic stakes on this coastal fringe has been managed mainly by controlling the hazards; this control is coordinated by the national government, which has initiated coastal defense practices. At the beginning of the 1980s, natural risk prevention policies favored managing the consequences of natural disasters, with the creation of the CatNat insurance regime to indemnify natural disaster victims. By the middle of the 1990s, new natural risk management strategies had been invented to complete the control of natural hazards. As part of the emerging philosophy of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM), the French government encouraged the development of natural risk prevention policies by establishing Natural Risk Prevention Plans (PPRn) in 1995. These PPRn were a new approach to shoreline management that favored controlling development in coastal communities. At the beginning of the 21 st century, the French government set down the general orientations for managing natural coastal risks, but it was not the only stakeholder involved. Collective action emerged, bringing the national government, public institutions, territorial and local authorities together to develop risk management policies. This collective action was facilitated by a form of decentralization of natural coastal risk management, involving regional or local implementation of the strategic orientations of shoreline management, respecting the general principles defined by the national government. These changes are part of the ICZM implementation process, which has been under way since 2005.
关键词：natural hazard;coastal defenses;collective action;Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM);stakeholder