期刊名称：Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skodowska. Sectio B, Geographia, Geologia, Mineralogia et Petrographia
印刷版ISSN：0137-2025
出版年度：2002
卷号：LVII
出版社：Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin
摘要：Spatial differentiation and seasonal variability of mineral nitrogen concentration were ana-lysed in the Wieprz river basin on the basis of the data from the Provincial Inspectorate of Environment Protection in Lublin. In the years 1992-1997 river waters samples were taken at 19 points (6 located at the Wieprz river, 13 - at its tributaries - Fig. 1) for analyses of three nitrogen forms: ammonium nitrogen (N-NH4+), nitrite nitrogen (N-NO2-) and nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3-).
The natural conditions are varied in the Wieprz river basin (Fig. 2). Because of agricultural character of the land waters of rivers are under the influence of surface washings connected with participation and agricultural chemicalization. Point polluters (in the form of municipal and industrial wastewater) are having a big influence on the river waters purity in some partial catchments.
Research results let us determine concentration indices of mineral nitrogen indices in the river waters in agricultural catchments (Table 1) and in catchments under the wastewater influence (Table 2). In agricultural catchments mean annual concentration of mineral nitrogen was not large: ammonium nitrogen 0.16-0.76 mg/dm3, nitrite nitrogen 0.010-0.033 mg/dm3 and nitrate nitrogen 0.46-1.13 mg/dm3. In catchments under the wastewater influence mean annual concentration of analysed forms of mineral nitrogen were differentiated: ammonium nitrogen 0.63-2.79 mg/dm3, nitrite nitrogen 0.018-0.171 mg/dm3 and nitrate nitrogen 0.75-7.97 mg/dm3.
Due to the chemical conditions differentiation in partial catchments there were also determined also mineral nitrogen forms variability in the river course of the Wieprz river waters. Mean annual concentration indices in 6 measurement points were contained in scale: ammonium nitrogen 0.28-0.73 mg/dm3, nitrite nitrogen 0.012-0.063 mg/dm3 and nitrate nitrogen 0.70-2.99 mg/dm3.
In the light of the findings there was a seasonal variability of mineral nitrogen forms in the river waters (Tables 1, 2, 3, Fig. 3). There was found higher concentration of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen usually in winter-spring time and nitrite nitrogen in summer time.
Using hydrometric methods the studies of mineral nitrogen load were undertaken in partial catchments (Table 4) and changes of its load in the Wieprz river course (Table 5). There was also estimated the amount of mineral nitrogen discharged from the Wieprz river basin to the Vistula river.
On the basis of earlier publications (Stangenderg 1958; Czyż et al. 1963; Stępień et al. 1981) there was undertaken an attempt at valuation of mineral nitrogen concentration changes in the Wieprz river waters (Table 6) and some of its tributaries (Table 7).
Since 1959 till 1991 the biggest changes of water chemism was recorded in the upper and lower course of the Wieprz river (Table 6). In Izbica in cross-section located below the Łabuńka river mouth the load of ammonium nitrogen increased 15-fold. In the lower course of the Wieprz river in Dęblin there was recorded repeated 7-fold increase of ammonium nitrogen concentration.
In the Wieprz river tributaries the biggest changes were recorded in Łabuńka river waters loaded by sewage from Zamość, where the concentration of ammonium nitrogen increased 8-fold.
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