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  • 标题:The impact of a Primary School Reform on social stratification: a Norwegian study of neighbour and school mate correlations
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  • 作者:Oddbjørn Raaum Kjell G. Salvanes Erik Ø. Sørensen
  • 期刊名称:Discussion Papers / Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration
  • 印刷版ISSN:0804-6824
  • 出版年度:2003
  • 卷号:2003
  • 出版社:Bergen
  • 摘要:School quality is hard to define and measure. It is influenced by not only school expenditures, but also characteristics that are hard to measure like norms, attitudes and peer effects among teach ers and pupils. Furthermore, family background and community characteristics are important in explaining educational outcomes. In this paper we study the composite effect of primary schools and neighbourhoods on adult educational attainment controlling for family characteristics. Instead of identifying the effect of specific neighbourhood and school characteristics on educational attainment, we focus on correlations in final years of schooling among neighbouring children and school mates. We find a clear trend of declining influence of childhood location over the 25 year period. Then we ask whether a change in the compulsory school law extending the mandatory years of education from seven to nine years implemented by municipalities over a ten year period, can explain the pattern of declining neighbourhood effect. Although the neighbour correlations tend to be lower in municipalities which introduced the school reform, we cannot conclude that the primary school reform had a strong impact on the overall trend. Motivated by the fact that neighbouring children typically go to the same school, we estimate school mate correlations for children born in the 1960s. The overall impact of factors shared by children who graduated from the same school at the age of 15/16 i s negligible. The variation in ‘school quality’ and the impact of peers on final educational attainment seem to have been very limited in Norway
  • 关键词:Families, Neighbours, Schools, Educational Reforms, Peer-effects.
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