文章基本信息

标题：Universal Arguments and their Applications
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作者：Boaz Barak, Oded Goldreich
期刊名称：Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity
印刷版ISSN：1433-8092
出版年度：2001
卷号：2001
出版社：Universität Trier, Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Computer-Forschung
摘要：We put forward a new type of computationally-sound proof systems, called universal-arguments, which are related but different from both CS-proofs (as defined by Micali) and arguments (as defined by Brassard, Chaum and Crepeau). In particular, we adopt the instance-based prover-efficiency paradigm of CS-proofs, but follow the computational-soundness condition of argument systems (i.e., we consider only cheating strategies that are implementable by polynomial-size circuits). We show that universal-arguments can be constructed based on standard intractability assumptions that refer to polynomial-size circuits (rather than assumptions referring to subexponential-size circuits as used in the construction of CS-proofs). As an application of universal-arguments, we weaken the intractability assumptions used in the recent non-black-box zero-knowledge arguments of Barak. Specifically, we only utilize intractability assumptions that refer to polynomial-size circuits (rather than assumptions referring to circuits of some ``nice'' super-polynomial size).
关键词：Collision-Free Hashing , computationally-sound proof systems , Error-correcting codes , Probabilistic Proof Systems , probabilisticcheckable proofs (PCP) , proofs of knowledge , witnessindistinguishable proof systems , zero-knowledge proof systems