期刊名称：Discussion Paper / U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
出版年度：2007
卷号：2007
出版社：U.S. Census Bureau
摘要：We contrast the spatial mismatch hypothesis with what we term the racial mismatch hypothesis – that the problem is not a lack of jobs, per se, where blacks live, but a lack of jobs into which blacks are hired, whether because of discrimination or labor market networks in which race matters. We first report new evidence on the spatial mismatch hypothesis, using data from Census Long-Form respondents. We construct direct measures of the presence of jobs in detailed geographic areas, and find that these job density measures are related to employment of black male residents in ways that would be predicted by the spatial mismatch hypothesis – in particular that spatial mismatch is primarily an issue for low-skilled black male workers. We then look at racial mismatch, by estimating the effects of job density measures that are disaggregated by race. We find that it is primarily black job density that influences black male employment, whereas white job density has little if any influence on their employment. This evidence implies that space alone plays a relatively minor role in low black male employment rates. * This research was supported by the Russell Sage Foundation and NICHD grant R01HD042806. Hellerstein and Neumark are research associates of the NBER. Neumark is also a research fellow at IZA. We are grateful to Joel Elvery and Melinda Sandler for outstanding research assistance, and to Chris Jepsen, Jed Kolko, Lorien Rice, Dan Weinberg, and seminar participants at the University of Chicago for helpful comments. This paper reports the results of research and analysis undertaken while the first two authors were research affiliates at the Center for Economic Studies at the U.S. Census Bureau. It has undergone a Census Bureau review more limited in scope than that given to official Census Bureau publications. It has been screened to ensure that no confidential information is revealed. Research results and conclusions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily indicate concurrence by the Census Bureau or the Russell Sage Foundation.
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