摘要:At the Fourth World Trade Organization (WTO) Ministerial2 in Doha, Qatar, on November 9-14,
2001, WTO members unanimously adopted a Ministerial declaration (the Doha Development Agenda, or
DDA) which launched a new comprehensive round of trade negotiations. Specifically, the DDA for
agriculture (box 1) included comprehensive negotiations aimed at ¡°substantial improvements in market
access; reduction of, with a view to phasing out, all forms of export subsidies; and substantial reductions in
trade-distorting domestic support.¡±3 The members also agreed that special and differential (S&D) treatment
for developing countries should be part of all elements of the negotiations, and that nontrade concerns
expressed in the negotiating proposals be taken into account in the negotiations.4 The final Ministerial
declaration from Doha established an ambitious timetable for completing the agricultural negotiations. It was
agreed that modalities (trade rules)5 for further commitments should be setup no later than March 31, 2003,
with the final negotiations to be completed by January 1, 2005.