摘要:Since the late eighties, the Andean countries have undergone decentralization processes which, in some cases, have increased the capacities of their territories and regions. However, despite these advances, the processes of constitutional reform in Bolivia and Ecuador, where what is at stake is not a simple administrative transformation but rather a broader reformulation of the State as an «imaginary unit», suggest that the theme is by no means exhausted. This article argues that during recent years the territorial disparities within each of the countries have increased and suggests an agenda for the construction of a decentralized State which is also participative, inclusive and democratic.