Elements of Video Sound - making the best use of sound in video recordings - Brief Article

Beginners usually accept the limitations of on-camera microphones without question. Such microphones become inadequate if the person speaking is over ten feet from the camcorder.

There are several ways to improve the recording of voices and sounds:

a. Use a shorter focal length of the zoom lens and move closer to the speaker.

b. Use an auxiliary mike on an extension cable. This can be hand held for interviews or mounted on a hand held boom out of the view of the camera.

c. Use a "shot gun mike."

d. Use a wireless microphone system.

Sound for video movies is not limited to camcorder mikes. The amateur has access to the complete range of sound available to the professional. The following elements are obtainable:

a. On-camera synchronized voice with lip sync.

b. Off-camera environmental sounds.

c. Off-camera narration.

d. Mood music (Background music bed).

e. "Ambience" or open microphone sound, both interior or exterior.

Synchronous sound is recorded as the video tape is shot. Non-synchronous sound can be added by using timed sound tapes and a mixer, either during duplication, or as an Audio Dub insert.

Each sound element adds a special quality to a sound track, and a video movie maker can select or mix sounds to create a mood to go with the show. Each sound should be considered separately by the maker, and this should be made a part of the creative process. The key to successful sound is the same as the key to successful movies, "less is more." Don't use any sound the movie doesn't call for. For lip-sync, get closer, monitor with ear phones, and use the proper equipment.

For ambient sounds, use directional mikes, check sound in your ear phones and turn off mechanical sounds (air conditioners, etc.). Wait until its quiet except for the sound you want. Last, let onlookers know you are shooting (quiet on the set).

For narration, write a script and practice it with good cadence and alliteration.

To record environmental sounds, wait for quiet. Use discreetly so as not to call attention to these particular sounds.

If you show your work (and who doesn't), buy out music is readily available at reasonable costs. Many producers allow you to monitor their tapes or CD's on the phone.

Thomas Clark, APSA, was with NASA 27 years. He taught adult education video in the Cleveland, Ohio area. We appreciate the permission of his widow, Betty Woodworth Clark, to publish his work.

COPYRIGHT 1999 Photographic Society of America, Inc.
COPYRIGHT 2004 Gale Group