文章基本信息

标题：Comparative quantification of health risks: Conceptual framework and methodological issues
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作者：Christopher JL Murray ; Majid Ezzati ; Alan D Lopez 等
期刊名称：Population Health Metrics
印刷版ISSN：1478-7954
电子版ISSN：1478-7954
出版年度：2003
卷号：1
期号：1
页码：1
DOI：10.1186/1478-7954-1-1
语种：English
出版社：BioMed Central
摘要：Reliable and comparable analysis of risks to health is key for preventing disease and injury. Causal attribution of morbidity and mortality to risk factors has traditionally been conducted in the context of methodological traditions of individual risk factors, often in a limited number of settings, restricting comparability. In this paper, we discuss the conceptual and methodological issues for quantifying the population health effects of individual or groups of risk factors in various levels of causality using knowledge from different scientific disciplines. The issues include: comparing the burden of disease due to the observed exposure distribution in a population with the burden from a hypothetical distribution or series of distributions, rather than a single reference level such as non-exposed; considering the multiple stages in the causal network of interactions among risk factor(s) and disease outcome to allow making inferences about some combinations of risk factors for which epidemiological studies have not been conducted, including the joint effects of multiple risk factors; calculating the health loss due to risk factor(s) as a time-indexed
关键词：Discount Rate ; Multiple Risk Factor ; Causal Attribution ; Population Attributable Fraction ; Attributable Fraction