文章基本信息

标题：Screening for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Somali ex-combatants: A validation study
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作者：Michael Odenwald ; Birke Lingenfelder ; Maggie Schauer 等
期刊名称：Conflict and Health
印刷版ISSN：1752-1505
电子版ISSN：1752-1505
出版年度：2007
卷号：1
期号：1
页码：10
DOI：10.1186/1752-1505-1-10
语种：English
出版社：BioMed Central
摘要：In Somalia, a large number of active and former combatants are affected by psychological problems such as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This disorder impairs their ability to re-integrate into civilian life. However, many screening instruments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder used in post-conflict settings have limited validity. Here we report on development and validation of a screening tool for PTSD in Somali language with a sample of ex-combatants. We adapted the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) to reflect linguistic and cultural differences within the Somali community so that local interviewers could be trained to administer the scale. For validation purposes, a randomly selected group of 135 Somali ex-combatants was screened by trained local interviewers; 64 of them were then re-assessed by trained clinical psychologists using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The screening instrument showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .86), convergent validity with the CIDI (sensitivity = .90; specificity = .90) as well as concurrent validity: positive cases showed higher SRQ-20 scores, higher prevalence of psychotic symptoms, and higher levels of intake of the local stimulant drug khat. Compared to a single cut-off score, the multi-criteria scoring, in keeping with the DSM-IV, produced more diagnostic specificity. The results provide evidence that our screening instrument is a reliable and valid method to detect PTSD among Somali ex-combatants. A future Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Program in Somalia is recommended to screen for PTSD in order to identify ex-combatants with special psycho-social needs.
关键词：Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ; Composite International Diagnostic Interview ; Child Soldier ; Screening Interview ; Harvard Trauma Questionnaire