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标题：The influence of endurance and strength training on body composition and physical fitness in female students
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作者：KAROL GÖRNER ; ALEXA REINEKE
期刊名称：Journal of Physical Education and Sport
印刷版ISSN：2247-8051
电子版ISSN：2247-806X
出版年度：2020
卷号：20
期号：3
页码：2013-2020
DOI：10.7752/jpes.2020.s3272
语种：English
出版社：University of Pitesti
摘要：Introduction. Physical activity plays a major role in human life. Faced with the threats of a sedentary lifestyle,it becomes a key factor conditioning proper physical,social and mental development of a young body. The benefits of physical activity are obvious. Its optimal level stimulates development,secures motor needs,strengthens heart function,improves muscle and joint flexibility,strengthening the muscles and bones. In the literature on physical activity,the importance of endurance and strength training as well as its positive impact on achieving a higher level of physical fitness is emphasized among people of different ages. In addition,research results indicate clear progress when even applying 4 weeks of training.Objective. The aim of the study was to examine the influence of a 6-week endurance and strength training programme on adaptive changes within body composition and physical fitness of young women. Materials and methods. The study involved 11 women aged 23-27 (x=24.09±1.30),students of the Cracow University of Economics. The research procedure included measurements of shoulder,chest,waist,hip,thigh and calf circumference,followed by body composition analysis using the TANITA BC-1000 scale. Percentage of body fat,total percentage of body water,muscle mass,basal metabolic rate,metabolic age,bone mass and level of visceral fat were measured. Subsequently,the EUROFIT physical fitness test was conducted. The following tests were selected: balance,agility,jumping,static strength,trunk strength,functional strength of upper limbs and shoulder girdle,and speed as well as endurance. Upon completion of the 6-week study,endurance and strength training consisting of 3 programmes were carried out: full-body,i.e. moderate-intensity exercises,HIIT,i.e. high-intensity interval training,and turbo training,i.e. high-intensity training combining endurance and strength exercises. Results. The results of research showed the significant influence of training on the reduction in hip circumference,waist and body fat content of the surveyed women,as well as improvement in their level of physical fitness in terms of postural balance,agility,jumping ability,static force,abdominal muscles and functional strength of the shoulders and shoulder girdle,speed and running endurance. Conclusion. The 6-week endurance and strength training reduced circumferences of the examined women and the level of body fat while increasing muscle mass and improved physical fitness. Bearing in mind the positive impact of training on the components of body composition and the level of human physical fitness,it is advisable to intensively promote active ways of spending free time.
关键词：physical activity;body components;fitness;women