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标题：Incidence of skiing and snowboarding injuries over six winter seasons (2012–2018) in Japan
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作者：KENJI KUZUHARA ; MASASHI SHIBATA ; JUNTA IGUCHI 等
期刊名称：Journal of Physical Education and Sport
印刷版ISSN：2247-8051
电子版ISSN：2247-806X
出版年度：2021
卷号：21
期号：1
页码：73-80
DOI：10.7752/jpes.2021.01010
语种：English
出版社：University of Pitesti
摘要：Based on data from ski resort injury reports published annually by the Japan Association for Skiing Safety, six ski seasons, from 2012–2013 to 2017–2018, were surveyed. An analysis of skiing and snowboarding injuries at ski resorts in Japan was conducted using the injury rate per 1000 skier days as an international index. The skiing and snowboarding injury rates over the six seasons were 1.59 (95% Confidence Intervals:1.55-1.62) and 2.58 (95% Confidence Intervals:2.53-2.63) per 1000 skier days, respectively. The snowboarding injury rate was 1.62 times higher than the skiing injury rate (P < 0.05). Skiing was associated with the most lower limb injuries (53.2%, 0.91 per 1000 skier days, particularly knee injuries), and snowboarding with significantly more upper limb (49.5%, 1.40 per 1000 skier days, particularly shoulder and wrist injuries) and head and neck injuries (16.0%, 0.45 per 1000 skier days). Sprains (38.9%, 0.68 per 1000 skier days) were the most frequent in skiing, and fractures (29.5%, 0.84 per 1000 skier days) and contusions (27.9%, 0.79 per 1000 skier days) were the most frequent in snowboarding. Simple falls resulting from imbalance or falls from a jump or trick failure were significantly more common injury mechanism in snowboarding than in skiing, and most injuries occurred on groomed mild and moderate slopes. Snowboarding injuries were more common than skiing injuries regardless of the severity. A total of 68 fatal injuries (37 skiers, 31 snowboarders) occurred during the six seasons. Snowboarding resulted in most injuries among young people (especially aged 20-29 years), while skiing resulted in most injuries among middle-age people (40 years and older). Snowboarding often caused injuries to novices and beginners, while skiing often caused injuries to advanced skiers. Many injured skiers and snowboarders had not been wearing a helmet, especially non-helmet injuries were more common in snowboarding than in skiing. These findings suggest the importance of recognizing that skiing and snowboarding are high-risk sports that can lead to serious or fatal injuries. Therefore, it is essential for skiers and snowboarders to take appropriate safety measures at ski resorts. Especially, snowboarding should not be started before receiving adequate skill instruction and safety education.
关键词：snow sports;injury rates;epidemiology;fatal injuries;safety education