文章基本信息

标题：The Complexity and Phylogenetic Continuity of Laughter and Smiles in Hominids
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作者：Marina Davila-Ross ; Guillaume Dezecache
期刊名称：Frontiers in Psychology
电子版ISSN：1664-1078
出版年度：2021
卷号：12
页码：2065
DOI：10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648497
出版社：Frontiers Media
摘要：Laughter and smiles are often, but not always, associated with positive affect. These expressions of humans help to promote social relationships as well as the development of cognitive and socio-emotional skills and they may have a positive impact on health and well-being, hereby covering a selection of fitness-relevant benefits. Both laughter and smiles of positive affect also occur early in human development and across cultures, suggesting deep roots in human biology. The present work provides an evolutionary reconstruction of the evolution of human laughter and smiles of positive affect in form and function, based on the principle of maximum parsimony. According to the Complexity and Continuity Hypothesis, human laughter and smiles of positive affect must have evolved within the context of play from ancestral species. Furthermore, ancestral ape laughter and their open-mouth faces must already have been complex in form and function and changed over time via categorically different phylogenetic pathways to become characteristic, effective and pervasive behaviors of everyday social interactions in humans.
关键词：Laughter; smiles; laughing faces; open-mouth faces; evolution; principle of maximum parsimony