文章基本信息

标题：Questioning Mountain Rural Commons in Changing Alpine Regions. An Exploratory Study in Trentino, Italy
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作者：Dalla Torre, Cristina ; Ravazzoli, Elisa ; Omizzolo, Andrea 等
期刊名称：Revue de Geographie Alpine
印刷版ISSN：0035-1121
电子版ISSN：1760-7426
出版年度：2021
期号：109-1
页码：1
DOI：10.4000/rga.8589
出版社：Revue de Geographie Alpine
摘要：Many resources in the Italian mountain territories, such as forests, meadows, pastures, alpine huts, mountain paths and roads, have traditionally been governed by civic use institutions or collective property (Greco, 2014). These institutions derive from the needs of people to autonomously and collectively manage their resources to guarantee their own sustainment in harsh climatic conditions. In this regard, they have guaranteed resource preservation as well as the development of the region (Granet-Abisset 2015). Such resources and goods collectively governed and –in some cases– owned by collective property and civic use institutions can be framed in the commons´ literature (Gatto and Bogataj 2015, Favero et al. 2016, Bassi and Carestiato 2016). Today, however, current socioeconomic transformations in the Alpine region linked to megatrends (climate change and resource scarcity, demographic change, global economy) are challenging this system of resource management from many perspectives. Socioeconomic transformations are challenging the way resources are perceived, who de facto has a stake on them, and how they should be governed. As a consequence, the current collective governance and care system of resources is at risk of deterioration and eventually disappearing.
其他摘要：Most of rural resources in the Italian mountain territories, such as forests, pastures, huts, mountain paths, have historically been governed through collective organizations and institutions that have guaranteed the balance between productive activities and environmental protection. These systems can be framed according to the literature on commons. Although the model of collective resource management is still strongly rooted in the Alpine region, socioeconomic changes underway call into question the way resources are conceived, used and managed by communities and the very concept of community as a reference for a collective resource. Few studies have focused on the transformation and adaptation of commons to the changes taking place, such as the progressive penetration of global economic and demographic megatrends at the local level, with the aim of decoding the new tension between community needs and societal needs. By referring to the concepts of resilience and transformability of social-ecological systems, this paper aims to reflect on the impact of the socioeconomic transformations underway in mountain rural regions, to search for new approaches for the conceptualization of commons and to investigate how commons can be transformed in order to make them resilient and more socially inclusive. For that, an extensive literature review and an exploratory fieldwork using a case study approach have been performed. The paper´s results are exploratory, from which working hypotheses have been derived to be explored in further studies. These hypotheses relate to socio-economic and cultural practices as well as approaches that would enable the re-embedding of the commons in the economy and society undergoing change.
关键词：innovation; résilience; transformations socio-économiques; transformabilité; pratiques collectives; intendance↓resilienza; cambiamenti socioeconomici; trasformabilità; innovazione; pratiche collettive; custodia
其他关键词：innovation; resilience; socioeconomic changes; transformability; commoning practices; stewardship