文章基本信息

标题：Improving Source Apportionment of Urban Aerosol Using Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): Cross-Validation and New Insights
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作者：Souto-Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo ; Kamigauti, Leonardo Yoshiaki ; Andrade, Maria de Fatima 等
期刊名称：Frontiers in Environmental Science
电子版ISSN：2296-665X
出版年度：2021
卷号：9
页码：69-80
DOI：10.3389/fenvs.2021.623915
摘要：Urban air pollution is a matter of concern due to its health hazards and the continuous population growth exposed to it at different urban areas worldwide. Nowadays more than 55% of the world population live in urban areas. One of the main challenges to guide pollution control policies is related to pollutant source assessment. In this line, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Positive Matrix Factorization (EPA-PMF) has been extensively employed worldwide as reference model for quantification of source contributions. However, EPA-PMF presents issues associated to source identification and discrimination due to the collinearities among the source tracers. Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) have demonstrated good resolution for source discrimination, since urban sources are characterized by specific isotopic signatures. Although, source quantification based on total aerosol mass is the main limitation of MIF. This study reports strategies for PMF and MIF combination to improve source identification/discrimination and its quantification in urban areas. We could achieve three main findings: 1) cross-validation of PMF source identification based on Pb and Zn isotopic fingerprints, 2) source apportionment in MIF model for total PM mass and 3) new insights of potential Zn isotopic signatures of biomass burning, fossil fuel and secondary aerosol. We support future studies on the improvement of isotopic fingerprints database of sources based on diverse elements or compounds to boost advances of MIF model applications in atmospheric sciences.
关键词：Air polluition; Anthropogenic sources; Megacities; Vehicular emission; Industrial emission; Secondary aerosol; biomass burning; Road dust; Pollutant sources; Source identification (PCA); Positive matrix factorization (PMF); Source apportionment analysis; Isotopic fingerprint