文章基本信息

标题：The microbiome requires a genetically susceptible host to induce central nervous system autoimmunity
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作者：Laura M. Cox ; Howard L. Weiner
期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2020
卷号：117
期号：45
页码：27764-27766
DOI：10.1073/pnas.2020106117
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：While the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) is recognized to have both genetic and environmental components, little is known about these complex interactions. The microbiome has recently been recognized as an environmental factor that contributes to MS. In Montgomery et al. (1), the authors harnessed the natural genetic diversity between B6 mice, PWD/PhJ (PWD) wild-derived mice, and a panel of 27 B6.ChrPWD consomic mice to investigate gene plus microbiome interactions. They identified chromosomes that affected disease susceptibility and also identified microbes that increased disease severity in disease-susceptible hosts. They found that while the PWD mice are resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), these mice surprisingly harbor a microbiota that increases central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity when transferred into the genetically susceptible B6 mice (Fig. 1). This study advances the field by illustrating an important point: that altered microbiota alone may not be sufficient to cause MS, but rather, a perfect storm of host genetic risk plus specific microbes triggers CNS autoimmunity.