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标题：Isotopic evidence for the timing of the dietary shift toward C4 foods in eastern African Paranthropus
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作者：Jonathan G. Wynn ; Zeresenay Alemseged ; René Bobe 等
期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2020
卷号：117
期号：36
页码：21978-21984
DOI：10.1073/pnas.2006221117
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：New approaches to the study of early hominin diets have refreshed interest in how and when our diets diverged from those of other African apes. A trend toward significant consumption of C 4 foods in hominins after this divergence has emerged as a landmark event in human evolution, with direct evidence provided by stable carbon isotope studies. In this study, we report on detailed carbon isotopic evidence from the hominin fossil record of the Shungura and Usno Formations, Lower Omo Valley, Ethiopia, which elucidates the patterns of C 4 dietary utilization in the robust hominin Paranthropus . The results show that the most important shift toward C 4 foods occurred at ∼2.37 Ma, within the temporal range of the earliest known member of the genus, Paranthropus aethiopicus , and that this shift was not unique to Paranthropus but occurred in all hominins from this fossil sequence. This uptake of C 4 foods by hominins occurred during a period marked by an overall trend toward increased C 4 grazing by cooccurring mammalian taxa from the same sequence. However, the timing and geographic patterns of hominin diets in this region differ from those observed elsewhere in the same basin, where environmental controls on the underlying availability of various food sources were likely quite different. These results highlight the complexities of dietary responses by hominins to changes in the availability of food resources.
关键词：hominin diet ; carbon isotope ; paleodiet ; bioapatite