文章基本信息

标题：Comparison of Activation in the Prefrontal Cortex of Native Speakers of Mandarin by Ability of Japanese as a Second Language Using a Novel Speaking Task
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作者：Li Cong ; Hideki Miyaguchi ; Chinami Ishizuki 等
期刊名称：Healthcare
电子版ISSN：2227-9032
出版年度：2021
卷号：9
期号：4
页码：412
DOI：10.3390/healthcare9040412
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：Evidence shows that second language (L2) learning affects cognitive function. Here in this work, we compared brain activation in native speakers of Mandarin (L1) who speak Japanese (L2) between and within two groups (high and low L2 ability) to determine the effect of L2 ability in L1 and L2 speaking tasks, and to map brain regions involved in both tasks. The brain activation during task performance was determined using prefrontal cortex blood flow as a proxy, measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). People with low L2 ability showed much more brain activation when speaking L2 than when speaking L1. People with high L2 ability showed high-level brain activation when speaking either L2 or L1. Almost the same high-level brain activation was observed in both ability groups when speaking L2. The high level of activation in people with high L2 ability when speaking either L2 or L1 suggested strong inhibition of the non-spoken language. A wider area of brain activation in people with low compared with high L2 ability when speaking L2 is considered to be attributed to the cognitive load involved in code-switching L1 to L2 with strong inhibition of L1 and the cognitive load involved in using L2.
关键词：bilingualism; Mandarin/Japanese; functional brain imaging; prefrontal cortex; speaking task; functional near-infrared spectroscopy; cognitive load; inhibition bilingualism ; Mandarin/Japanese ; functional brain imaging ; prefrontal cortex ; speaking task ; functional near-infrared spectroscopy ; cognitive load ; inhibition