文章基本信息

标题：EU border rejections of unauthorized GM food and the trade deflection effects
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作者：Dannyra Tatiana Mendoza Cuello ; Rosane Nunes de Faria ; Adelson Martins Figueiredo 等
期刊名称：Rivista di Economia Agraria
印刷版ISSN：2281-1559
出版年度：2020
卷号：75
期号：2
页码：65-76
DOI：10.13128/rea-12070
出版社：Firenze University Press
摘要：We identify that consignments rejected by the European Union, due to the presence of unauthorized Genetically Modified food, have been diverted to third countries, creating trade deflections. We rely on a gravity model to examine the effects on food products. Our results show that the rejection of shipments by the EU has a side-effect on the global trade flows in the form of trade deflection, which can overcome losses related to A.A. The deflection occurs largely for products whose major importers have already approved most of the GM events rejected by the EU and with very concentrated export market. We also found that exporting countries with higher border rejections tend to increase their trade deflections, providing a deeper understanding of the effects of A.A on global trade flows.
关键词：border rejections ; GM food ; trade deflection ; European Union ; third market